How BAH actually works
Basic Allowance for Housing is a table lookup, not a formula. The Defense Travel Management Office surveys rental markets every year, and each of the 338 Military Housing Areas (MHAs) gets one row of rates: a column for every paygrade, in two versions, with dependents and without. Your monthly BAH is the cell where your duty station's row meets your paygrade's column. This calculator embeds the complete official 2026 table, both versions, all 338 areas, so the number you see here is the number in the DTMO file, not an estimate.
Two things about that lookup surprise almost everyone the first time. First, BAH follows your duty station's ZIP code, not your home address. Live 40 minutes out in a cheaper town and you keep the duty station rate; the difference is yours. Second, dependency status is binary. The with-dependents rate is the same whether you have one child or five, a working spouse or not. There is no per-kid increase, and there never has been.
Each rate is anchored to real rental data for a housing profile that steps up with rank: an E-4's anchor is a two-bedroom apartment, an O-5's is a four-bedroom single-family house. That is why the with-dependents jump from E-4 to E-5, or E-5 to E-6, is often the biggest housing raise of an enlisted career: the anchor profile changes underneath you.
The formula, such as it is
The design target behind the table: BAH is set to cover about 95 percent of the surveyed housing cost (rent plus utilities) for each profile, leaving a deliberate out-of-pocket share of roughly 5 percent of the national average. For 2026 that cost-sharing amount works out to $93 to $212 a month depending on paygrade. Proposals to return to 100 percent coverage (the BAH Restoration Act) have been introduced in Congress but have not become law, so the 95 percent design stands for 2026.
For 2026 the Pentagon announced an average increase of 4.2 percent (December 11, 2025), following back-to-back 5.4 percent years, with about $29.9 billion flowing to roughly one million service members. Average means average: your MHA can move more, less, or down. Down is where rate protection comes in.
Worked example
An E-5 with dependents gets orders to San Antonio, TX (MHA TX285). The 2026 with-dependents table row for TX285, E-5 column: $1,869.00 per month, which is $22,428.00 a year, tax-free. Without dependents the same cell reads $1,500.00, so dependency status is worth $369.00 a month there.
The promotion view: the same row's E-6 column pays $2,094.00 with dependents. Pinning on E-6 is worth $225.00 a month in housing alone, before the pay-table raise. And because BAH is not taxed, that $1,869.00 stretches like roughly $2,240 to $2,430 of pre-tax salary, depending on your bracket.
Rate protection: the ratchet that only turns one way
If the new year's table drops your MHA's rate, you do not take the cut. Incumbents are grandfathered: as long as you stay at the same duty station and your status does not change, you keep the higher of the old rate and the new one. New arrivals and members who PCS in get the new, lower rate. The flip side: when rates rise, everyone gets the increase on January 1. So a falling market never cuts your check mid-tour, and a rising one always raises it. You can lose rate protection by changing duty stations, dropping in dependency status, or a reduction in grade, which is worth knowing before you make a paperwork change in a year when your area's rate fell.
What this calculator deliberately does not cover
Partial BAH is the small statutory allowance for members without dependents living in government quarters (the barracks); it is a different, much smaller table. BAH-Diff is the rate paid to members in the barracks who pay child support; it exists so that support obligation is recognized even without a household to house. BAH RC/T is the non-locality rate for reservists on short active-duty tours and members in transit. All three live in the DTMO non-locality file, not the locality table this page embeds. And OHA, the Overseas Housing Allowance, is a different program entirely: it reimburses actual rent up to a cap and moves with exchange rates, which is why Ramstein and Okinawa are not in the list above. If your orders are overseas, OHA math is the math you need, and this page will not pretend to do it.
One honest caveat on currency: the table embedded here is the official 2026 file current as of August 2026, including the mid-year Abilene/Dyess AFB (TX270) increase the department pushed on May 16, 2026. Mid-year revisions like that are rare but real, which is exactly why the steps above name the file your number came from.